Tuesday, October 4, 2016

Der Gart Gesundhiet -- Peter Schoeffer

Der Gart Gesundhiet

Peter Schoeffer
Born 1425 – Died 1503
Born in Gernsheim, Germany, located on the Rhine.
Died in Mainz, in antiquity, it was a Roman fort city, which commanded the west bank of the Rhine
An early German printer.



In 435 chapters, 382 plants, 25 drugs from the animal kingdom and 28 minerals are described.
Included a section of Uroscopy.
Published for Bernhard von Breidenbach (1440-1497), a wealthy Mainzer canon.
The author (compiler) of Gart was the Frankfurt city physician Johann Wonnecke of Kaub (1430-1503 / 04).
Erhard Reuwich of Utrecht had some of the illustrations made.

1st Edition 1485


For the first time in Germany Latin and Greek were abandoned and it was published in German.
This herbal relied not on the work of the previous illustrators, but the illustrations were from observation of the plants in nature.

Out of the 379 woodcuts, around 65 are based on the plants themselves which was a high propotion at the time. 



Der Gart was written in a way to make it easier for the readers to navigate. It offered its readers an alphabetical listing of every disease or ailment known and then a reference to the chapter to find the remedy.
A list of the simples included where listed alphabetically as well as by their chapter numbers.
Considered a great work that contained all the medical knowledge of the time. 




Saturday, October 1, 2016

Mystery and Art of the Apothecary

Mystery and Art of the Apothecary https://www.amazon.com/dp/0766138038/ref=cm_sw_r_other_apa_cXd8xb64D6VP7

Friday, September 30, 2016

English Court Hand AD 1066-1500

English court hand, A.D. 1066 to 1500: illustrated chiefly from the public records https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0041Q2RV4/ref=cm_sw_r_other_apa_ZdH7xbSHRVPAY

The Handwriting of English Documents

The Handwriting of English Documents https://www.amazon.com/dp/071315182X/ref=cm_sw_r_other_apa_ncH7xbY56NZ0E

Example's of English Handwriting

Examples of English Handwriting, 1150-1750 https://www.amazon.com/dp/0900360313/ref=cm_sw_r_other_apa_O-G7xbF6N2DRH

Thursday, September 29, 2016

ONE OF MY FAVORITE!!!! Hildy!!!!

Physica
By Hildegard
von Bingen
Born at Böckelheim on the Nahe, 1098
Died on the Rupertsberg near Bingen, 1179
Age of 8 she was placed under the care of Jutta, sister of Count Meginhard
Started having visons as a young age
Given the command from the Church to record what she saw
Illness over came her often
Physica is her only known non-metaphysical book
German Benedictine abbess, writer, composer, philosopher, Christian mystic, visionary




















Earliest book on Natural History written in Germany.
While Brunfels, Fuchs and Bock are called the German Fathers of Botany, really we are more indebted to the German Mother of Botany.
Included recipes handed down through the generations by her predecessors.
Considered a great look into the folk medicine of Germany
Woodcuts from Physica had little to do with the material within. They were borrowed from another medical book.
Original Manuscript c. 1150 – Not Extant
1st Edition – 1533
Book One : Plants
Book Two : Elements
Book Three : Trees
Book Four : Stones
Book Five : Fish
Book Six : Birds
Book Seven : Animals
Book Eight : Reptiles
Book Nine : Metals




Wednesday, September 28, 2016

De Viribus Herbarum - Macer Floridus


The first printed herbal!


De Viribus Herbarum
Macer Floridus

WHO ACTUALLY WROTE IT??
Opening line in Herbal claims it was written by Macer.
Only Macer connected with Herbal writing died in 16 BC
Most scholars believe Odo, Bishop of Meung was the true author.
Odo’s name appears on a 12th Century Manuscript of De Viribus Herbarum, located in Dresden.
A 13th Century Manuscript is titled, De Viribus Herbarum acutore Odone dicto Macro Floridio or Of the Power of Herbs, the author being Odo, Called Macer of Flowers.
Others that could have been the author include, Odo Veronesis, Odo Muremundensis and Hugo of Tours.


Original Manuscript, De Viribus Herbarum, not extant.
Earliest extant Manuyscript, Opus Macri Physici de Viribus Herbarum, now in Vienna.
1st Edition Published in 1477 by printer Arnaldus de Bruxella in Naples.
Written in Latin Verse.
First Edition was unillustrated.
Contained originally 77 Herbs
First edition with illustrations published in 1482 in Milan.
Some versions contain 86 plants, and some as many as 97.
 The Latin Verse it is written in, a hexameter, a poetic verse form, that some believe was used as a mnemonic device for physicians and apothecaries.
Most of the content is derived from Pliny, but also included are Dioscorides, Oribasus, Hippocrates and others. (23 in all according to Ludwig Choulant)